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Onondaga Lake is a lake in Central New York located northwest of Syracuse, New York. The southeastern end of the lake and the southwestern shore abut industrial areas and expressways; the northeastern shore and northwestern end border a series of parks and museums. Although it is near the Finger Lakes region, it is not traditionally counted as one of the Finger Lakes. Onondaga Lake is a dimictic lake, meaning that the lake water completely mixes from top to bottom twice a year. The lake is 4.6 miles long and 1 mile wide making a surface area of 4.6 square miles.〔 The maximum depth of the lake is 63 feet with an average depth of 35 feet. Its drainage basin has a surface area of 642 square kilometers, encompassing Syracuse, Onondaga County except the eastern and northern edges, the southeastern corner of Cayuga County and the Onondaga Nation Territory,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url= http://www.onlakepartners.org/onlakewatershed.htm )〕 and supports approximately 450,000 people.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url= http://www.upstatefreshwater.org/html/onondaga_lake.html )〕 Onondaga Lake has two natural tributaries that contribute approximately 70% of the total water flow to the lake. These tributaries are: Ninemile Creek and Onondaga Creek. The Metropolitan Syracuse Wastewater Treatment Plant (METRO) contributes 20% of the annual flow.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】url= http://www.onlakepartners.org/lake.htm )〕 No other lake in the United States receives as much of its inflow as treated wastewater.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url= http://www.upstatefreshwater.org/html/onondaga_lake.html )〕 The other tributaries, which include Ley Creek, Bloody Brook, Harbor Brook, Sawmill Creek, Tributary 5A, and East Flume, contribute the remaining 10% of water flow into the lake.〔〔 The tributaries flush the lake out about four times a year.〔 Onondaga Lake is flushed much more rapidly than most other lakes.〔 The lake flows to the northwest〔(【引用サイトリンク】url= http://www.epa.gov/region02/superfund/npl/0203382c.pdf )〕 and discharges into Seneca River which combines with the Oneida River to form the Oswego River, and ultimately ends up in Lake Ontario.〔 For thousands of years, the lake was considered sacred within indigenous territory. The historic Onondaga people lost control of the lake to New York State following the American Revolutionary War. During the late 19th century, European-Americans built many resorts along the lake's shoreline, as it was a destination of great beauty. With the industrialization of the region, much of the lake's shoreline was developed; domestic and industrial waste, due to industry and urbanization, led to the severe degradation of the lake. Unsafe levels of pollution led to the banning of ice harvesting as early as 1901. In 1940, swimming was banned, and in 1970 fishing was banned due to mercury contamination.〔〔 Mercury pollution is still a problem for the lake today.〔 Despite the passage of the Clean Water Act in 1973 and the closing of the major industrial polluter in 1986, Onondaga Lake is still one of the most polluted lakes in the United States. Several initiatives, including a 15-year multi-stage program currently under way, have been recently undertaken to clean up the lake. ==History== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Onondaga Lake」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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